1. Prevention and rehabilitation guidance.
(1) main points of prevention.Primary prevention requires strengthening publicity and education on the prevention of gastric cancer, correcting bad living habits, especially eating habits, avoiding eating rough food and eating less hot food, but eating quickly to avoid physical stimulation to the mucous membrane of the upper digestive tract; eat less salted food, no moldy food, less smoked, fried and baked food, and reduce the intake of carcinogens. Keep optimistic and cheerful mood, not angry to eat, do not smoke, so that the body immunity and nervous system to maintain a good state. It is recommended to eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, drink more fresh milk, and often drink tea, especially green tea, which helps to prevent the occurrence of gastric cancer. Secondary prevention advocates "three early", that is, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. Patients at high risk of gastric cancer, such as chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, gastric ulcer, gastric polyp, postoperative gastric remnant, malignant anemia, especially those with family history of gastric cancer and chronic gastric disease over 40 years old, should be reexamined regularly.2. Diet recuperation.(1) Medicinal diet and dietary therapy.1. Piper longum 2g, pepper 1g, rice 100g. Grind Piper longum and pepper into fine powder, boil the rice with water and add the powder of the medicine, then boil it into a sticky shape to eat. Indication: gastric cancer belongs to spleen and stomach deficiency cold type.two。. Tangerine peel 9g, squid bone 12g, pig lean meat 50g, japonica rice right amount. Boil porridge with tangerine peel, squid and japonica rice, remove tangerine peel and squid bone when cooked, add lean meat slices and cook again, season with a little salt. Indication: abdominal distension of gastric cancer.3. Raw peanuts (even red clothes) 250g, jujube 5, longan meat 12g, jujube enucleated, together with peanuts and longan meat, cook with water. Once a day. Indication: patients with gastric cancer anemia.4. Sheep's milk 500ml, japonica rice 100g, appropriate amount of sugar. Boil congee with japonica rice, add goat's milk and sugar when cooked. Make breakfast and dinner and eat warm food on an empty stomach. Long-term loose stools and diarrhea should be avoided. Indication: gastric cancer belongs to the type of stomach yin deficiency.5. Fresh monkey head mushroom 100g, fresh cauliflower 150g, green onion 15g, garlic seedling 15g. Rinse the fresh monkey head mushroom in a bubble, rinse and slice the fresh cauliflower, add oil, stir-fry in salt for a while, add water and cook until cooked, pour in chopped onions, garlic and soy sauce, and season with a little monosodium glutamate. Once a day, 5 ~ 7 days as a course of treatment. Indication: gastric cancer, can also be used as food therapy to prevent gastric cancer.(2) dietary taboos.1. Diet during chemotherapy.Chemotherapy often causes gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal distension, diarrhea and so on. In order to ensure the smooth progress of chemotherapy, we should pay attention to the following points: 1 deal with the relationship between diet and the peak time of chemotherapeutic drugs, and avoid eating during the peak period of drug action. For example, intravenous administration is best carried out on an empty stomach, because fasting can alleviate the symptoms of nausea and vomiting. If oral administration is used, it is better to take it after meals, because the drug is absorbed into the blood after 2 ~ 3 hours, and its concentration reaches the highest, even if the digestive tract reaction is fasting, the symptoms will be alleviated. 2 during chemotherapy, the number of meals should be more than usual, and the food should be soft, digestible and rich in protein, vitamins and sufficient heat energy. Even if there is vomiting, but also adhere to eating, if necessary, through infusion to replenish energy.
two。. Diet during radiotherapy.
Nausea, loss of appetite and vomiting may occur during radiotherapy. Abdominal pain and diarrhea, hemogram decline, immune function decline and so on may occur in the later stage of radiotherapy. At this time, sufficient nutrition and rich vitamins must be given to replenish qi and promote blood. Yin deficiency is suitable for clearing and tonifying, commonly used foods include yam, longan, lotus seed, fungus, shiitake mushrooms, lilies, rock sugar, lotus root, tofu, honey, mung beans, duck, soft-shelled turtle, clam, milk, Coix seed, jujube, glutinous rice and so on.
3. Diet should correspond to physique.
Ordinary obese people should not eat fat food, but should eat more light food; thin patients should not eat dry food, they should eat more food that nourishes yin and nourish fluid. No matter what kind of physique, you should eat more vegetables and fruits, mushrooms, legumes, foods rich in trace elements such as selenium and molybdenum, and foods rich in allicin (such as garlic, spring onions, etc.). Do not eat moldy, smoked or pickled food.
