What is the cause of rectal cancer

The cause of rectal cancer is a combination of complex factors, including genetics, environment, lifestyle and health conditions. This article explores the main causes of rectal cancer and how to reduce your risk.

1. Genetic factors:

Genetic factors play an important role in the development of rectal cancer. If there is a family history of rectal cancer, the risk is significantly increased. Certain genetic mutations, such as hereditary nonpolyposis (FAP) and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), also increase the risk of rectal cancer.

2. Age:

Age is another major risk factor for rectal cancer. This cancer mostly occurs in people over 50 years old, especially those over 60 years old.

3. Intestinal polyps (Polyps):

Intestinal polyps are common benign masses in the colon and rectum. Although not rectal cancer itself, certain types of polyps can turn into cancer over the long term. Regular colonoscopies can detect and remove these polyps early, reducing the risk of rectal cancer.

4. Diet:

A high-fat, low-fiber diet and high intake of red and processed meats have been linked to colorectal cancer risk. Instead, eating enough vegetables, fruits, and whole grains can help reduce your risk.

5. Lifestyle:

Physical inactivity, obesity, smoking and excessive alcohol consumption have all been linked to an increased risk of rectal cancer. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including moderate exercise and quitting drinking and smoking, is crucial to reducing your risk.

6. Inflammatory bowel disease:

Inflammatory bowel diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, increase the risk of rectal cancer. These chronic inflammations can trigger abnormal cell growth in the gut.

In general, rectal cancer is a multifactorial disease, not only related to genetic factors, but also closely related to environmental factors such as lifestyle and diet. To reduce the risk of rectal cancer, regular physical exams, adopting a healthy lifestyle, and paying close attention to family medical history are important preventive measures. If you have symptoms or risk factors for rectal cancer, early medical care and screening are crucial steps.